Bayanin Menene Azumin Nafila
Shi ne duk azumin da yake ba wajibi ba ne, wanda mutum yake yin sa don neman kusanci zuwa ga Allah Maxaukakin Sarki
Azumin Nafila yana da falala mai girma da lada babba, a cikin hadisi qudusi daga Abu Hurairata – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “ Dukkan aikin xan Adam ana ninka masa shi, ana ninka kyakkyawa sau goma, har zuwa ninki xari bakwai. Allah Mai girma da buwaya ya ce, “Sai dai azumi, haqiqa shi nawa ne, ni ne nake ba da ladansa” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Kwanakin Da Aka Sunnanta Yin Azuminsu
1 – Kwana Shida A Cikin Watan Shawwal
Saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) : “Wanda ya yi azumin Ramadan, sannan ya bi shi da guda shida a cikin Shawwal, to kamar ya yi azumin shekara ne” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
Zai iya yin su a haxe ko a rarrabe.
2 – Kwana Tara Na Farkon Watan Zulhijjah
Saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Babu wasu kwanaki da Allah ya fi son aikin na qwarai a cikinsu, kamar waxannan kwanaki - yana nufin kwanakin goma na Zulhijjah – sai sahabbai suka ce, Ya Manzon Allah, Ko da jihadi a cikin tafarkin Allah? Sai ya ce, “Ko jihadi a cikin tafarkin Allah, sai mutumin da ya fita da kansa da dukiyarsa, sannan bai dawo da komai ba” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi].
Ranar da ta fi daga cikin waxannan kwanaki ita ce ranar Arafa, ga wanda yake ba alhaji ba ne, saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Azumin ranar Arafa ina sa rai a wurin Allah, ya kankare zunubin shekarar da take gabansa, da wadda take bayansa” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
3 – Azumin Ranar Ashura Da Ranar Da Take Gabaninsa
Ita ce ranar goma ga watan Muharram
Saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Azumin ranar Ashura, ina sa rai a wurin Allah ya kankare zunubin shekarar da ta gabace shi” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
Dalilin yin azumin wannan rana shi ne abin da ya tabbata daga Abdullahi xan Abbas – Allah ya yarda da shi - : “Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya zo Madinah, sai ya ga Yahudawa suna azumin ranar ashura. Sai ya ce, “Menene wannan?” sai suka ce, “Wannan wata rana ce mai kyau, wannan ranar ce Allah ya tseratar da Bani Isra’ila daga maqiyansu, sai Musa ya yi azuminta”. Sai Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Mu muka fi cancanta da Musa fiye da ku” sai ya yi azumin wannan rana, ya kuma umarni a yi azuminta” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi].
A riwayar Muslim: Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Idan na kai shekara mai zuwa zan yi azumin ranar tara ga watan” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
4 – Kwanakin Haske A kowane Wata
Su ne, Sha uku, sha huxu, da sha biyar na kowanne watan musulunci. An kira su da kwanakin haske saboda wata yana haske a dararensu.
Ya tabbata daga Abdul-Malik xan Minhal daga Babansa, wanda ya rayu tare da Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, Manzon Allah yana umarni da azumin kwanakin haske, yana cewa : “Daidai yake da azumin shekara” [Ibnu Hibban ne ya rawaito shi].
5 – Azumin Litinin Da Alhamis A Kowane Sati.
Saboda da abin da aka rawaito daga Abu Hurairata – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Ana bijirar da ayyuka, ranar litinin da Alhamis, ina so a bijirar da aikina ina mai azumi” [Tirmizi ne ya rawaito shi].
6 – Azumin Yau-gobe-babu.
Mafificin Azumin nafila shi ne azumin Annabi Dawud, ya kasance yana azumin kwana xaya, ya huta kwana xaya.
An karvo daga Abdullahi xan Amru – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Mafi soyuwar azumi a wurin Allah, azumin Annabi Dawud, ya kasance yana azumin kwana xaya, kuma ya huta kwana xaya” [Nasa’i ne ya rawaito shi].
7 – Azumin Watan Al-Muharram
An karvo daga Abu Huraira – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Mafificin azumi bayan Ramadan shi ne azumin watan Al-Muharram” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
8 – Azumin Watan Sha’aban
An karvo daga Usamatu xan Zaid – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “na ce, ya Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) banga kana azumin wani wata ba cikin watanni, kamar yadda kake azumin watan Sha’aban, sai ya ce, “Wannan wani wata ne dake tsakanin Rajab da Ramadan, wanda mutane suke gafala ga barinsa. Wata ne da ake xaukaka ayyuka a cikinsa zuwa ga Ubangiji, don haka ina so a xaga ayyukana ina mai azumi” [Nasa’i ne ya rawaito shi].
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